Preface

The title of this article looks very literary, but it actually doesn't match my style. After all, although my ideological level is very high (at least as high as 3 or 4 floors), my literary literacy is very average (my Chinese score of 120 in the 1998 college entrance examination was just a fluke).

先说说我为什么会有自建博客的想法，除了我博客”About Invincible“里面提到的的记录折腾过程这个重要的原因之外，另一个原因是看了博主”bensz”的博客，当时第一反应就是好炫，就像他自己说的：

对于我一个灵活就业、年龄40多岁、无聊中老年人士而言，忽然就觉得：我是不是也可以搞一个个人博客呢？正好可以记录我的折腾过程，当然，最好顺便看起来还能比较牛逼～？以前上班的时候动不动就发名片，那以后网上和人聊天就能动不动就发博客网址了？基于这个非常朴素、非常清澈、没有一点杂质的目的，我开始了搭建个人博客的学习之旅。

Also: Does starting to learn blogging now count as joining the National Army in 1949?

当然，我的优势是本身就是搞IT的，虽然说主要是靠嘴忽悠人(售前工程师、销售工程师)，但是毕竟以前也是售后出身，动手能力还是有一些的(什么switch、router、firewall、IDS、IPS、load balancing…谦虚的说，我都还是比较熟的)，只是这些和建站都不沾边，而且和也和代码打不了直接的交道，所以对我而言，也算是进入了一个全新的领域，自称一声新手小白完全不过分(严格意义上说，我也不能算对建站完全一无所知，毕竟我20多年前大学的时候可是学习过Frontpag和Dreamweaver，毕业设计也是做一个网站呢)。

Choose a personal blog building method that suits you

Strictly speaking, the most important thing about a blog is not external things such as its form of existence and technical framework, but the content of the blog and whether you can persist in writing. Therefore, theoretically speaking, it is not important whether you stick to the form of a personal blog (there are many ready-made blog platforms: Zhihu, CSDN, etc. When using these platforms, you only need to focus on writing and don’t have to worry about SEO issues), not to mention that the blog form seems so alternative at the moment when short videos are rampant.

However, the current unique network environment has put countless restrictions on the creation of people who choose various domestic platforms (not only blog platforms, but also various popular short video platforms), and they are often blocked for no apparent reason. If you make money from these platforms, you have no choice but to accept it, after all, you need traffic. However, for those who don’t make money from this, but just want to record their lives, or just want to speak freely and write what they want to write, it is very unfriendly. At this time, personal blogs may be the most ideal choice for these people.

当然，有利就有弊，选择个人博客这种形式，虽然内容创作上”相对”自由，但是却是靠消耗个人的时间和精力折腾换来的。

There is also a compromise form for personal blogs: hosting, which is also the way most people choose.

If you choose hosting, you need to choose a suitable hosting platform. The more famous ones are:
1. wordpress.com

提供免费计划，注册了就可以直接发布博文，可以选择”yourID.wordpress.com”或者一些免费的、看起来逼格比较低的二级域名，后台就是wordpress最经典的后台管理界面，缺点就是不支持插件(也不是不支持，就是得加钱，而且是很多钱)，而且博文后面会被自动添加颇没有品的广告，优点是真省心，直接写就行了，并且SEO做得不错。
2. GitHub pages

The page provided by GitHub to private developers can display static content, so it can be used to build a static blog. The advantage is that it is very flexible, and the disadvantage is that it requires a small amount of effort (this small amount is relative to completely self-built) and a certain amount of code knowledge (don't be afraid, there are many tutorials online, just follow them).

从节省金钱投入成本的角度来说，蹭免费托管的确是好的选择，但是选择了托管方式，就表示你接受了别人制定的规则，这是我不能接受的(wordpress.com免费版不能用插件?还要给我加广告？github pages只支持静态？但是我偏偏喜欢用动态的咋办？)，所以我应了王进喜那句名言：”有困难要上，没有困难创造困难也要上”，选择了完全自建个人博客这条路。

All beginnings are hard

对我而言，其他都无所谓，但是逼格不能低，所以独立域名是必须的，这个对我而言不是问题，因为”tangwudi.com”已经用了好多年了。

其次，是如何搭建网站本身，我当时第一反应就是去找dreamweaver你敢信？后来仔细看了”bensz”的博客，才知道博客就是用wordpress搭建的，又去搜了相关知识，才知道博客还有动态、静态的分别，除了wordpress，还有其他选择：Hexo、Hugo等等。

Finally, I chose WordPress. After all, it is more suitable for beginners. The required functions can be directly expanded with plug-ins, and the appearance design can be done directly in the management background with built-in modules, which can help bloggers save a lot of time. However, even so, I adjusted the appearance and structure of the entire website many times. Before writing the first article, this step took me at least a month. A lot of time was spent on studying basic concepts: how to generate menus, why some menus can display sub-content when the mouse is placed on them, where are the categories used? What is the sidebar, etc., so much so that I almost gave up at that time.

When the architectural adjustment is basically completed and the first article is published, you will feel that all the efforts you have put in before are worth it, and this is the real beginning.

The formation of the home data center model

At the beginning, I thought it would be easy to publish, after all, my home telecom broadband has a public network address. Although there are no ports 80 and 443, I can just do a port mapping on the router and manually add a port after the domain name. However, after the actual operation, I felt that it was really low-level (at that time, I didn't even have the concept of exposing the source station IP).

Since I didn’t know about Cloudflare at that time, I thought that if I wanted to use ports 80 and 443, I would still need a cloud server. After all, only cloud servers have ports 80 and 443. So I bought a 2-core 2G 4M Tencent Cloud lightweight server (99 in the first year, I got a lot of money, but I paid it back in the second year~), and also bought a cc domain name (because the com domain name was bought from Alibaba Cloud at that time, and I didn’t know that I could transfer it directly to Tencent Cloud).

After deploying the Pagoda Panel on Tencent Cloud and then deploying WordPress in source code mode, I found that although ports 80 and 443 were open, the cc domain name was not registered and could not be used (it would be redirected to the registration page). Then I had no choice but to study how to register myself. Fortunately, this was not complicated. After a few days, the registration was finally passed, and the cc domain name could officially access port 443 of the Tencent Cloud server.

有了443端口，得有ssl证书啊，那个时候还不太了解Let’s Encrypt，就直接用的腾讯云提供的免费1年期DV证书(PS：由于当时不知道亚洲诚信范围证书20个主机名的限制，没有规划，一阵乱用，导致后面20个名额很快用光了～，很尴尬)，然后无敌的个人博客1.0就在腾讯云服务器上安家了。

其实那个时候，博客的名字还不是现在的”无敌的个人博客”，而是”无敌的心灵xx”这个有点肉麻的名字，就是因为备案的时候有”博客”关键字的名字无法通过，最后选了半天，实在选烦了，才无奈选的这个。

But at this time, the 4M uplink bandwidth of Tencent Cloud Server became a discordant element in my eyes. After all, if the traffic is a little bit larger, 4M will be full, and this bottleneck is too big, so I turned my attention to Tencent Cloud's CDN. After all, CDN accessing its own cloud server is not limited by 4M bandwidth. And then I was pleasantly surprised to find that CDN traffic is quite cheap, and CDN back to the source can actually customize the port, so can't I build the source station directly at home? After all, my broadband at home has IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack public network addresses.

Then it was another hassle to deploy wordpress on the M1 basic version of macmini at home in docker mode. Then the iKuai router mapped an available public network port directly to the service port of WordPress on the intranet through port mapping. The CDN then pointed to the mapping port on the dynamic domain name corresponding to the iKuai wan port IP through the custom source station port. In this way, the blog was migrated back from the cloud server to the macmini at home.

However, my home is not just a blog application, so it is impossible to map a port for each application, right? So I added a reverse proxy later. The iKuai router only needs to map a public network port to the reverse proxy's port 443, and then the reverse proxy can initiate a request to WordPress based on the host of the access request. For security reasons, I added a WAF after the reverse proxy and before WordPress, so that the entire public network back-to-source solution has a certain degree of security. In fact, at this time, the prototype of the domestic line public network back-to-source solution for the home data center was officially formed.

然后，我知道了cloudflare，研究了一段时间后，完全弃用了国内CDN公网回源这一套方案，连cc域名都直接放弃了(毕竟cc域名是备了案的，有点小怕怕，彻底消除搜索引擎里cc域名的结果都花了我好长时间)，将”tangwudi.com”直接从阿里云迁到了cloudflare上，最开始也是使用的公网回源的方式，后来发现公网回源出现了速度异常，又改成了tunnel的方式来发布应用，利用cloudflare free计划提供的各种功能(缓存、waf、ddos缓解等)，加上家里WAF来作为最后的过滤，家庭数据中心方案才真正完整了起来。

Looking back from August last year to now, I have taken too many detours and wasted a lot of energy, but I have also learned a lot of knowledge.

看了上面的内容会不会让很多有自建个人博客念头却没太多基础的朋友直接打退堂鼓？其实没这么吓人，我将我走过的弯路记录下来，只是想让那些还没有踏出第一步的朋友不要走这些弯路；或者那些正在走弯路的朋友不用走剩下的弯路，家庭数据中心方案的最终目的，就是让需要的朋友无需太多专业知识，即便域名没备案，也能利旧家里的设备快速建立和发布自己的博客网站，所以最终简单、通用(相对而言)是大原则，达到的效果类似于周星驰”破坏之王”里的剧照：

In addition: Actually, strictly speaking, I know many of these concepts. After all, I used to be a sales engineer. Although it is not the same field, I have talked about them many times when I was fooling people. However, knowing is one thing, and really implementing them by yourself are two different concepts. Take reverse proxy for example. In fact, the http mode in professional load balancing equipment works as a seven-layer reverse proxy. If you want to implement the function of reverse proxy + 7-layer load balancing, the configuration is simple. Just select this mode, associate the server group that needs to be load balanced, and then fill in the host, x-forwarded-for and other parameters directly through the profile configuration file. However, when I was asked to implement the same function through nginx, I was a little confused at first. Therefore, I have really made up for a lot of basic theoretical practices during this period.

Is a personal blog really necessary?

After reading the above content, I believe many friends will ask a question: Is it really necessary to spend so much time and energy on personal blogs?

This question actually has different answers for different people.

从开始写博客到现在这8个月以来，我觉得，个人博客最大的受益者其实就是”个人”。

1. Record of the process

Before I had a blog, to achieve a certain technical goal, I would first search for a bunch of tutorials online, then refer to here and there. If I encountered an error in the process, I would search again. As a result, after I finally achieved it, I didn’t even know how many tutorials and articles I had referred to. For complex multi-step operations, I might not even know in what order I should implement them again.

有了博客之后，我会认真记录每一个操作步骤(当时的想法、某个猜想验证的结果、操作步骤和输出结果的截图)，套用那句众所周知的广告词：”妈妈再也不用担心我的学习啦”。

2. Sorting out relevant knowledge points

If you just want to record the operation process, you don't actually have to use a blog. It's the same as recording it directly locally. The only difference is that recording it for yourself and showing it to others are two completely different concepts. It's like a girl who doesn't wear makeup at home, but if she wants to go out and meet people, she has to dress up beautifully, right?

写博客的道理是一样的，当我要发布一篇博文的时候，我会站在读者的角度来审视这篇文章的问题：”这一点是不是写得太模糊，别人会不会看不懂？是不是需要附带一些关联知识点的讲解会更容易理解？”如果每一篇文章都用这种心态去写的话，你会发现，为了能发一篇高质量的博文，你不得不经常梳理上下游的关联知识点，进而促使你不停的学习和成长。

3. Make your thinking more logical

经常有人提到”思维的火花”这个词，这在佛教里其实就是指”念头”。人的大脑一瞬间会有无数(其实有数，《菩萨处胎经》中，弥勒菩萨说，”一弹指三十二亿百千念”。)的念头产生和消亡，其中有好的念头，也有坏的念头。坏的念头我们不管，但是如果有好的念头，比如忽然想起某个技术点值得专门写一篇文章，我们是不是应该付之行动呢？久而久之，博客是不是永远不愁没有内容写了？

Back to the point, when a spark occasionally comes into our brains, we have to eventually write it into a blog post, which cannot be done by just typing on the keyboard.

A good technical blog post should at least include but not be limited to the cause (what idea or problem is this article based on, hoping to arouse the interest or resonance of readers), the process (the steps of tossing, the explanation of the relevant knowledge points involved, which should be easy to understand, with multiple screenshots and preferably red boxes to indicate the key content, so that people will not be discouraged, frowning and dozing off), and the result (the final effect display, which is convincing and can also see the final effect, at least let others know what you have done after all the trouble. This is also the reason why I am dissatisfied with some articles on the Internet. I don’t even see the screenshot of the last result. You have to produce a rendering to sell a house). Going further, you need to consider whether the language logic is clear, whether the paragraph segmentation is reasonable, etc. Over time, the habits you develop when writing articles will also affect your usual thinking and make your thinking more logical.

Note: I am just talking about this. I am not doing well enough, but I am just working towards this goal.

4. Fight your own inertia with perseverance

Everyone has laziness. The best way to fight against your own laziness is to find something you like (or at least don't hate) and do it persistently. From this point of view, blogging is very suitable: it is not as tiring as exercise, you don't have to feel bad about spending money, and you can show off to others at the same time.

5. As the last pure land where you can laugh, scold and rage to your heart's content

At present, Internet supervision is becoming increasingly stringent. Anyone with a little common sense knows that trouble comes from the mouth. They can only remain silent through patience in various domestic media. However, it is better to release than to block. There is always a need for a place to vent. At this time, if you have an independent personal blog, it can become the last pure land where you can vent your emotions at will.

Note: This is based on a premise. At least the domain name cannot be a registered domain name, right? And it is best not to go too far. There should still be a limit. Don't underestimate the correlation analysis of big data. Unless the domain name, posting username, website name, etc. when you build the website have nothing to do with your domestic social media accounts, email accounts, online names, nicknames, etc., it is better not to be too arrogant.

Having said so many points, I finally found that the biggest target reader of a personal blog is actually the blogger himself. Many years later, when you open your blog and look at the articles written by your immature self, will you smile?

Sharing and touching

In fact, I had not originally specifically explored how many people were still maintaining personal blogs. I was just quietly updating my blog out of personal interest and for the purpose of learning knowledge, and I did not pay too much attention to how many people were reading it. The few personal blogs that I knew of were only found by chance when I was searching for some knowledge points on search engines. At first glance, they were old blogs that had existed for many years, and they did not attract my attention at the time.

Until a few nights ago, I accidentally saw a blog post:

其实只是简简单单托管在wordpress.com上面的免费博客，谈不上华丽，内容也多是自己的一些分享，但是通过这篇文章，我却知道了博客聚合网站这个概念，去看了知道，才知道，原来在这个基本上人人都刷抖音快手(不包括我，我连下都没有下过，更别说注册账号了)的疯狂年代，还有许多人在默默坚持着个人博客的创作，又联想到我开始学习做个人博客的原因：

Although the main content of a personal blog is created for yourself, after you share it, even if most people may glance at it and pass by quickly, there will always be people in the vast sea of people who will stay because of your content and benefit from your sharing. At this time, your sharing becomes meaningful.

I suddenly felt touched. It turned out that there were other people walking on this road, and I was not alone.

Final Thoughts

Relatively speaking, although independent personal blogs have outstanding advantages: high freedom and flexibility, their disadvantages are also outstanding: you need to spend time on operation and maintenance, learn a lot of relevant knowledge, and if you want to increase traffic, you need to study SEO yourself. I have just come into contact with this knowledge, so I will learn and experiment slowly. Since you have chosen this path, are you still afraid of learning and experimenting?

There is a saying I appreciate: The best time to plant a tree is ten years ago, the second best time is now.

Don’t worry about which technical framework is good, and don’t worry about which field to start with. I think the most important thing is to build a blog and then write the first article carefully. Just like a saying in our cycling circle: Don’t worry about whether the bike is good or not, and don’t worry about whether the equipment is complete or not. The first thing you have to do is to ride the bike!